Nazi Germany(1919-1938) :: Papers

Nazi Germany(1919-1938) Summary [IMAGE]The rise of Nazi Germany was the capstone of the inter-war period, and led to the outbreak of World War II, shattering the tenuous peace. The Nazi regime's progress was paralleled by the life of its leader, Adolf Hitler. Born in a small town in Austria, Hitler dreamed of being an artist. Unable to demonstrate sufficient artistic skill for entrance into the art academy in Vienna, he did odd jobs and developed an interest in politics. In 1914, Hitler joined the German army, and earned the iron cross for bravery as a message-carrier. He was immensely disturbed by the German defeat in World War I, and blamed the loss on the socialists and Jews, who he said had surrendered the nation. [IMAGE]In 1920, Hitler seized control in the German Workers Party, changing its name to the National Socialist German Workers Party, called the Nazi Party for short. On November 9, 1923, Hitler and World War I hero General Ludendorf attempted a small revolution known as the Beer Hall Putsch. Hitler had jumped onto a beer hall table and proclaimed the current Weimar government overthrown. He and Ludendorf led their supporters into the street, and were promptly arrested. Hitler spent two years in prison, where he wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle), which outlined his future policies, centered on the theory of Aryan superiority and Jewish inferiority. [IMAGE]Released in 1925, Hitler honed his oratorical skills and worked for the advancement of the Nazi party. Such advancement was slow in coming through the years 1925 to 1929, a fairly stable period in Europe. However, as the world became mired in depression and unemployment rose, so did support for the Nazi Party, which promised employment and a return to glory for the nation. In 1932 the Nazis won 37.3 percent of the popular vote and occupied 230 seats in the German Reichstag. There was little stability in the German government at this time, and seeking a solution to this instability, President Paul von Hindenburg appointed Hitler chancellor on January 30, 1933.

Ethics and Gender Roles

In order for a particular product or service to be successful in the industry, it needs to be clearly positioned within its market. The positioning should reflect the needs of the customers as well as the position of the company in relation to competitors. Depending on the positioning, the marketing team can decide what attributes of the product to amplify in their campaigns and what steps will be required to form the proper connections to the customer.Furthermore, the position adopted by a firm also impacts brand equity, as in, the kinds of associations customers make to the product, their level of loyalty, and brand awareness. The main ethical issue in advertising is the depiction of men and women in their stereotypical gender-roles. Men are usually depicted as powerful, successful, driven and dignified. Women on the other hand are increasing being depicted as sexualized objects often dependent on men. One of the main ethical issues is that in many of the ads the women serve mainly as a â€Å"decoration† i. . they have no functional relationship to the product being advertised. For example, Axe is well known for its over sexualization of women in its ads to sell men’s personal care products. Another trend seems to be the use of only parts of a woman’s body in advertisements particularly a woman’s breasts and legs as stated by Jean Kilbourne in her movies â€Å"Killing Us Softly†. The implications of such practices are even greeter because of the number of ads that consumers are exposed to daily through television, newspapers, magazines and billboards.It is estimated that this number has grown from 500 ads daily in 1970 to 5000 ads a day in 2009 (Johnson, 2009). The messages imparted by ads, if they are repeated over long periods of time as in the case of gender roles in society, can distort perceptions of what is realistic as well as what is right and wrong. Since women are repeatedly cast as submissive sexual objects whose place is primarily at home or in traditional occupations of nurses, teachers, secretaries the ads in a way are telling the society what to think.The primary critical players are the consumers who are being marketed to and the secondary players are the firms marketing the product. The consumers and the society at large are deeply affected by the ethical implications of ads mainly because of the values, beliefs, attitudes, propagated by them. Implicit in these values and beliefs is some level of â€Å"standard setting†. For example: in many Vodka ads that primarily market to women, excessive drinking is glamorized and implied as a â€Å"standard† behavior wherein women alternate between â€Å"good girl vs bad girl† roles.If (and it often is) this message is subconsciously or consciously understood and adopted as a lifestyle, it can have far from positive manifestations such as a binge-drinking culture that is widespread among college students which leads to other consequences such as alcohol poisoning, accidents, and ill physical health of people who try to simulate what they learn from ads, in real life. There is also a disturbing trend of ads romanticizing sexual assault and domestic violence to sell products (Capella, 2010). This can invariably lead to a spread in unhealthy social conditions.Marketing personnel are critical players because they formulate the ads. Some campaign creators do not agree that their actions may be unethical. In fact, they state that the ads reflect consumer behavior and expectations. It is also argued that there is generally â€Å"positive† reaction to beautiful males and females placed in ads which not only increase the attractiveness of the product but also the chances of increased sales precisely because of the employment of the same techniques that are being called unethical (Reichert, T. LaTour, M. S. , Lambiase, J. I. , & Adkins, M. 2007).. The decision alternative is to essentially rethink the kind s of messages that the firm wants to put forward. It is not unethical to use healthy and reasonably beautiful women and men in ads, rather, it is the wholesome vs derogatory manner in which they are shown that makes the ad questionable. Firms should avoid focusing on the sexually provocative body parts of women (and increasingly men) to sell an unrelated product.They should avoid glamorizing undesirable social behaviors such as promiscuousness of both sexes, over-drinking, drugs, or unhealthy lifestyles. In contrast to superficial ads, they should actively seek out methods to connect with consumers on a deeper level than physical attractiveness or sexual gratification. An excellent example of this is Dove’s efforts to touch on a more genuine vein. Furthermore, firms to focus on minimizing the use of ‘decorative’ male/female i. e. here should be a connection between the product being advertised and the person advertising it. The implications for the critical playe rs are hard to quantify. Women and men have been depicted in their expected roles exhibiting their stereotypical traits for a very long time. One reason this has persisted, unfortunately, is that is a successful method. Everyone wants to beautiful, glamorous, and desired and the marketing industry has picked up these human traits to turn them into profits.Therefore, for the marketing firms, adopting an alternative strategy to work as well as the unethical methods they have been using for so long will be very challenging. However, as Dove has proved, this is not impossible especially in the face of increasing concern over how men and women are depicted by the media. In the long run, a more wholesome strategy can lead to stronger brand equity through increased brand loyalty and positive brand associations. For the consumers, a more ethical and realistic representation of men and women will lead to positive impacts.People may stop exhibiting extreme behaviors to satisfy standards set b y the marketing world and be more self-satisfied, have higher self-esteem and satisfaction with their identities. The objectification is not spread to children, particularly young girls, such as the Oh Lola! perfume by Marc Jacobs. Not only does the model look like an underage girl (which is perhaps intended) but she is sitting suggestively(Exhibit One). Therefore, it becomes necessary to clearly define what is acceptable and what isn’t. Work Cited Capella, M. L. , Hill, R. , Rapp, J. M. & Kees, J. (2010). The impact of violence against women in advertisements. Journal Of Advertising, 39(4), 37-51. doi:10. 2753/JOA0091-3367390403 Johnson, C. (2009, February 11). Cutting through advertising clutter. Retrieved from http://www. cbsnews. com/8301-3445_162-2015684. html Reichert, T. , LaTour, M. S. , Lambiase, J. I. , & Adkins, M. (2007). A Test of Medi a Literacy Effects and Sexual Objectification in Advertising. Journal Of Current Issues & Research In Advertising (CTC Press), 29 (1), 81-92. Exhibit One—Picture of Marc Jacobs Ad

How can Art be Defined - 1086 Words

The search for a definition of Art has been subject of a complex philosophical reflection incorporated; however, within different thematics because the very idea of Art is changeable as it relies on the culture and the tradition of a particular epoch. Etymologically, the word Aesthetics derives from the Greek à  isthesis, which means perception by the senses. It used to refer as the study of the world of perceptions as the doctrine aimed to discover the complexity of perceptive knowledge. In ancient times, the concept of Art was closely related to the practice with the technique which Plato argued were, certainly, not positive. According to the philosopher, Art and Tragedy are copies of copies, the copies of the sensible world. He argues†¦show more content†¦Faced with the difficulties encountered by the circularity of the Institutional theory, some theoreticians have tried to develop some definitions based on the relational properties of art, changing the terms of the essential relationships between its properties. On this terms, a very interesting approach has been suggested by Levinson (1979), who is committed to the development of a definition in which the Art is identified through the relationship with history. Levinson (1979) argues that an object is a work of art if it has been created to be perceived and evaluated in the same way that previous and recognized works of art have been received and evaluated. In other words, what is art today resembles the continuing relationship which justifies the attribution of the â€Å"status of Artwork.† His theory, known as the Historical-Intentional, is halfway between the Institutional and the other traditional Aesthetics definitions. Levinsons proposal differs significantly from that of Dickie (1974), and the difference lies in the recovery of a real contact with our relationship with history and with the Artworks. Even though I truly appreciate the effort of philosophers in trying to identify a generic definition, I assume that there is not a unique definition of Art, this word is far too complex and matter of subjectivity, and I believe that it is not necessary â€Å"to incorporate the universal in the particular.† Art is generally the perception of beauty, butShow MoreRelatedHow Romanticism Can Be Defined As A Style Of Art And Literature During The 18th And 19th Centuries883 Words   |  4 PagesRomanticism can be defined as both a style of art and literature during the 18th and 19th centuries that heavily emphasized imagination and emotion. Walden, or Life in the Woods is an excellent example of a novel that embodies American Romanticism. Thoreau conveys his thoughts and ideas through his literature. hen one reads Walden Carefully, one can find many of the characteristics of Romanticism in it. In Where I Lived and What I Lived For, Thoreau rejects civilization and seeks to spend more timeRead MoreIs management an art or a science1538 Words   |  7 Pageson whether management is an art or a science. To be able to determine where management falls in these two terms, it is important to know what they each mean and give support as to why it can either be an art or a science. Below shall be a discussion in detail on whether management is an art or a science but to begin with it is important to know what management is and what it entails. Management according to Henri Fayol a renowned scholar said management ‘can be defined as a set of activities, includingRead MoreArt and Video Game867 Words   |  4 Pagesnot a traditional art form, video games do have an artistic basis. 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He believes that art can only be defined as realRead MoreARTS 125 Week 5 Assignment Art And Culture Paper858 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Art and Culture Liliana Gonzalez ART/125 May 11, 2015 Joseph Blomer University of Phoenix Abstract Art has evolved in ways only one can imagine, however; their imagination does not have to go far because all one has to do is turn on the computer and connect to the World Wide Web to get information on everything. 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Could life imitate art? The semantics of the phrase seem too ambiguous for such a statement. What is the definition of art, of life? The phrase suggests that art reinforces cultural and social beliefs by using the verb imitate. If art imitates life, then life imitates art. The verb is reflexive and positioned in the middle of the two wordsRead MoreWhat Is Knowledge As The Information You Understand From Experience Or Education? Essay1448 Words   |  6 Pagesthat we can also value knowledge on its applicability not necessarily on its difficulty level. One example could be seen when looking at a theory in physics it may have been very difficult to produce however be useless in t he perspective of an artist who has no use for that knowledge. But before we can analyze the question we must really understand the question. In this essay I will be defining knowledge as the information you understand from experience or education. Produce will be defined as creatingRead MoreHum -102 - Week 1 - Humanities Today Paper871 Words   |  4 Pagesto see what our future holds. This paper will examine how the study of humanities is differentiated between other modes of expression. The paper will also review examples of art, music, architecture, philosophy, literature and film that reflect current socio-economics, technology and politics. Humanities Defined The study of humanity provides insight into how humans have developed culturally. The insight that art, literature and music can provide allows us to understand the influence that it providedRead MoreArt And Its Influence On Art942 Words   |  4 PagesIn philosophy, art and more specifically the definition of art is very controversial. There has been ongoing debate on whether or not art can truly be defined. If defined, is there worth behind the definition? There are two main contemporary definitions that can be used to narrow down this category. Modern conventionalist and contemporary both focus on art but at a different extent. Modern conventionalist emphasizes the movement of art and how it changes over time as well as it focuses on features

Essay on Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 and Modern World

Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 and Modern World The futuristic world that Ray Bradbury, author of Fahrenheit 451, so vividly describes is frighteningly close to our own. It might not seem so at first glance, but if you take a closer look, youll find that Bradbury wasnt far off the mark with his idea of what our lives would be like in 50 years. As he envisioned, technology would be extremely sophisticated, families would start becoming distant, and entertainment would take a more significant role in our lives. The problems at the present might not be as extreme as Bradburys, however, if left unchecked, they could grow to be just as monstrous as he predicted. Since the 1950s, scientists and engineers have made enormous†¦show more content†¦They looked forward to coming home and passing the time with their loved ones. But now, ever since there has been such a rise of popularity in technology, some people would rather be anywhere except with their families. Why would you want to sit down and have some boring conversation with your parents or play some stupid family board game when you could be blowing up aliens and racing Ferraris on your X-Box? Technology makes everything more exciting and this makes your family life seem comparatively dull. Our world is just so busy and crammed with exciting diversions, that there is simply not enough time to relax and pass the time away with your family. Bradbury must have been a very intelligent and perceptive person to have been able to look at the world around him in the 1950s (which was very family oriented) and foresee such an opposite future. In the next 50 or so years its very possible th at our family lifestyle could end up like that of Fahrenheit 451, unless we learn to appreciate our loved ones like in the time of past. Did you know that the average person spends four hours a day, or nine years of life watching television? Thats a lot of time. People love to be entertained; they cant get enough of it. Ever wonder why actors and entertainers are some of the highest paid professions in the world? As Bradbury portrays in 451, people spend almost all of their waking hours in frontShow MoreRelatedRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511721 Words   |  7 Pagesquestion that Ray Bradbury’s novel, Fahrenheit 451, attempts to answer. In this book, he describes a hypothetical world in which the population not only avoids reading, but has made owning books an unthinkable crime, with all books discovered burned, along with the houses of those who hoarded them. In this dystopian future created by Bradbury, the beauty that is literature has been replaced in society by television programs and radio stations. This reveals Bradbury’s obvious fear that modern technologyRead MoreAnalysis Of Ray Bradbury s Fah renheit 451 1222 Words   |  5 PagesSocietal Similarities Which of the three novels that were read this quarter related the most to modern American society? The first novel that was read this quarter was Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, and this novel was about a dystopian society and the importance of reading. The next book that was read was Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World and this novel was about a society where production is the first priority. Then the last novel read was 1984 by George Orwell, this novel was about a society whereRead MoreRay Bradburys Fahrenheit 451: A World Without Books1095 Words   |  5 Pagesto burn a book. And the world is full of people running about with lit matches† (Wikiquote, â€Å"Ray Bradbury†). Author Ray Bradbury made this observation in 1979 and his thought has only become more true as time has gone on. Bradbury warns of the possibility of this happening in his novel, Fahrenheit 451. The message of Fahrenheit 451 is more important than ever because today’s book editors, mov ie critics, and plays have intentionally and unintentionally removed Bradbury’s original intent of the novelRead MoreThe Frightening Future: Farenheit 451 Essay856 Words   |  4 Pagesexpanding so rapidly, it seems that students are more focused on owning the newest piece of technology that comes out. Ethics is about establishing what is right and wrong in order to behave in a way that society will accept you. Society today is very modern. Technology has become a â€Å"right† thing, and not having a more advanced piece of technology is considered â€Å"odd† or â€Å"wrong†. Plato’s Allegory of the Cave can be related to this idea of ethics in that people in today’s society who are wrong are trappedRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Comparison Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesFahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury’s Prediction of the Future TREVOR YOUNG Fahrenheit 451 is a dystopian novel written by Ray Bradbury that depicts a futuristic American society where books are banned and independent thought is persecuted. Bradbury uses his imagination to take a hard look at a world consumed by technology, and he presents predictions about pleasure, violence and anti-intellectualism that are alarmingly similar to the modern American society. Notably, in both societies people findRead MoreCorruption Of Society In Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1729 Words   |  7 PagesUnited Socialist Soviet Republic, and even today in terror groups like Isil And the Taliban, or even countries like The Democratic Republic of North Korea. The Novel Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, portrays a perfect example of limiting knowledge for the means of control. Fahrenheit 451 is about Guy Montag a fireman, who in this dystopian world starts fires, rather than putting them out. The firemen burn books, to limit the knowledge of the populace they are supposed to be p rotecting. The main conflictRead MoreEssay On Ray Bradbury1154 Words   |  5 Pages Who is Ray Bradbury? Well many of you probably already know who he is. He is an author who wrote many good books such as Fahrenheit 451, The Martian Chronicles, The Illustrated Man, and The October Country. I have read his book Fahrenheit 451 and it was a spectacular piece of art. In this paper you will learn more about this legendary author named Ray Bradbury. Ray bradbury was born August 22nd, 1920 in Waukegan Illinois. He died June 5th, 2012 in Los Angeles California at the age of 91. Read MoreKnowledge Is Power, And That s The Problem880 Words   |  4 PagesCelsius 233 º Knowledge is power, and that’s the problem. In the futuristic writings of author Ray Bradbury, one can see the impractical problems they believe books cause in their society. In Bradbury’s, Fahrenheit 451, Guy Montag a Fireman, not to be confused with a firefighter, was forced to burn books. Using a kerosene spray gun or flamethrower, Montag would take the books and burn them. Although the books held a plethora of information, this lack knowledge lead to a dystopian society full ofRead MoreThe Dumbing Down Of Society As A Result Of Technology984 Words   |  4 PagesLiterature-6th period 10 May 2015 The Dumbing Down of Society as a Result of Technology In Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, technology plays a major role in the society. Their society is so influenced by technology that they simply cannot function without it. They aren’t capable of thinking on their own because they rely so heavily on technology to think for them. Bradbury’s prediction was correct. The world is so reliant on their technology that students can’t leave their phones at home for one dayRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Technology Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pagesconversation dies, dragging intelligent thoughts into the ground with it. From â€Å"Seashell Radio† sets and Spotify on Bluetooth to the story-telling power that television strips away from literature, Bradbury looks more than 64 years into the future in Fahrenheit 451 to predict the fatal outcome of the technology-infested intelligence, or the lack thereof. The invention of TV, Radio, headphones, iPods, and much more, along with a rapidly increasing gain of access to techno logy has created a civilization that

The Internment Of Japanese Americans - 1356 Words

The Internment of Japanese Americans By Angel Willis-Pahel The topic I choose to right about is the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII. The question that I intend to answer today is: The Constitution guarantees American citizens no imprisonment without due process of law, yet has been violated by the federal government in at least two American wars. How did the government justify interning Japanese-American citizens in World War II? In order to understand why this happened we have to first look at what happened. We are going to look at a couple things in this paper: The Executive Order of 9066 and Korematsu v. United States (1944). As well as we are good to look at just why the U.S. decided to not give these people the basic†¦show more content†¦On January 1st, 1907 America and Japan came to an agreement known as the Gentlemen’s Agreement. This agreement was President Theodore Roosevelt’s effort at trying to calm the growing tension between America and Japan over the Japanese immigrant workers coming to the U S. On September 1st, 1939 Germany invades Poland as Adolf Hitler seeks to regain lost territory, this was single handedly the event that led to World War II. December 7th, 1941 the Japanese navy bombed Pearl Harbor due to the fact that they did not like the fact that America had claimed Hawaii to be a part of the United States. This event led to that US using Japanese Internment Camps because they were afraid of an invasion of the west by the Japanese and were afraid that Japanese immigrants would provide aid to such an invasion. On February 19th, 1942 exactly ten weeks after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Executive order 9066. This order authorized the removal of any and all people from military areas. The entire West Coast became defined as a military area. This area was home to as vast majority of Americans of Japanese ancestry or citizenship. On March 1st 1942 the US military started the removal of Japanese immigrants and their descendants from their homes and placed them into internment camps. Most of these people were only given 48 hours to gather their

Influence of Media on Society Free Essays

Name: ____________________________________________ Adjectives An adjective is a word that describes a noun. example: The tall man went into the restaurant. The word tall is an adjective. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Media on Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now It describes the noun, man. Directions: In each sentence, circle the adjective that describes the underlined noun. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Leroy and Jenna walked up to an old castle. Maddie put the golden key in the lock. Today is the fifth day of January. The baby birds flew from the nest. Joe’s truck has a flat tire. Circle the adjective in each sentence. Underline the noun that it describes. Directions: . 7. 8. 9. 10. I am holding a marker in my left hand. Patricia played beautiful music on her guitar. Has anyone read Caitlyn’s latest story? The sly fox outsmarted the chicken. Miguel ordered a large Coke. Super Teacher Worksheets http://www. superteacherworksheets. com Name: ____________________________________________ Adjectives – ANSWER KEY An adjective is a word that describes a noun. example: The tall man went into the restaurant. The word tall is an adjective. It describes the noun, man. Directions: In each sentence, circle the adjective that describes the underlined noun. . 2. 3. 4. 5. Leroy and Jenna walked up to an old castle. Maddie put the golden key in the lock. Today is the fifth day of January. The baby birds flew from the nest. Joe’s truck has a flat tire. Circle the adjective in each sentence. Underline the noun that it describes. Directions: 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. I am holding a marker in my left Patricia played beautiful hand. music on her guitar. latest story? Has anyone read Caitlyn’s The sly fox outsmarted the chicken. large Coke. http://www. superteacherworksheets. com Miguel ordered a Super Teacher Worksheets How to cite Influence of Media on Society, Papers

Case Study of Snappy Auctions from MyAssignmentHelp

Questions: 1.What elements factored into Gordons initial opportunity assessment (i.e., the launch of Snappy Auctions)? 2. What role has the Internet played in creating new sources of entrepreneurial opportunity?3.What are the sources of value in e-commerce business models? 4. What was the basis of the Snappy Auctions business model? 5. What impact were the changes eBay was making to its online auction venue having on the competitive nature of the retail drop-off business model? 6. How, if at all, were Snappy Auctions and its competitors changing their respective business models?7. Besides the changing industry landscape, what other issues did Gordon need to address at Snappy Auctions in order to position the venture for sustainable growth?8. Evaluate the sustainability of Gordons business model. Would you recommend Gordon continue with the drop-off store model? To what extent do you think seeking external funding would enhance the prospects of sustainability in the business model? Justify your answer. Answers: 1. Debbie Gordon was initially employed with a company and later her entrepreneurial spirits made her search for opportunities online. The era saw the starting of internet sales rising, as eBay gradually forayed into the market and established its base(Willcocks, 2006). The online auctioning opportunities provided by eBay made her inquisitive regarding the immense opportunities that it can hold for a business. While being unemployed she capitalized on the return policy of a shoe company and purchased them, relabeled them, photographed them and then sold them online through auctioning ay eBay. Being able to successfully make a handsome commission by selling third party produced shoes through online auctioning, Gordon was approached by many friends as they wanted their products to be sold through online auctioning. This led Gordon imaging and setting the business model for Snappy Auction for sellers who did not have the time or expertise to sell through online auctioning by assessing i nitial opportunities. 2. The evolution of eBay as well as Snappy Auction was based on the establishment and development of internet as a medium providing necessary market place. The use and utility of internet had been gradually increasing over the past few years with encompassing more and more complex data as well as connectivity enhancement. Internet offered a broader market within the global market place where a seller based in any part of the world could sell products online to any customer based across the world(Schenkel, 2012). Further with the securing and acceptance of several third party payments through PayPal and Credit Cards, there was further boost to the business of ecommerce. Especially in America with rise in internet users most consumers were purchasing various products from eBay by use of auctioning. Hence, with the help of internet Snappy Auctions devised a platform whereby sellers who could not sell through online auctioning they were assisted. Snappy Auction first business model colle cted goods from sellers labeled and photographed them and sold them on online auction. They charged eBay auctioning fees as well as their commission, delivered the products upon ordering, collected payment and then gave the proportionate amount to the sellers, post their commission and eBay fees. 3. Snappy Auction by use of eBay online auctioning platform established their business and formed a virtual marketplace for many sellers. Snappy Auction entire business model was based on internet and ecommerce modeling, offering sellers options to a wider marketplace to find buyers for their products(Hartley, 2006). There is immense value offered to these sellers by use of e-commerce business model. Some of the values offered is; Global Marketplace: Small sellers who have limited opportunity and customer base to sell their offering, online and e-commerce provides them immense opportunities. Through effective use of online sales sellers are able to take advantage from a global market place thus broadening the scope of their offering. Efficiency: E-commerce helps in efficient functioning of business in variable ways. There will be tremendous amount of buyer asymmetries removed by usage of internet and e-commerce portals. Lock-In: In e-commerce businesses the business model engages user in repeated transactions. Lock-in is enabled by switching costs which customer faces in order to select a different product(Chaffey, 2007). 4. Snappy Auction business model is based on providing opportunities to sellers who are unable to access the same through their physical market place. Snappy Auction helped sellers who had limited idea and concept regarding online transactions to facilitate the same for them such as to broaden the scope of e-commerce retailing(Holden, 2007). Gordon met eBay representatives as well as their marketing heads in order to conceptualize and understand their model of working and then developed a parallel business model for her start-up such as to facilitate auctioning for smaller retailer. This was the business model in the initial period, where by Gordon stocked goods from various sellers. Later the company started on a franchise business model whereby a business could acquire Snappy Auctions franchise and then sell various products through online auctioning. 5. E-commerce businesses especially eBay was incorporating various changes to its business model whereby the competitive nature of the drop-off business model was gradually transforming. With enhancing payment options, securing of transactions and enabling easy sales, with reducing fraudulent services, it was emerging as the most sought after service in the internet sales market place(Podobnik, 2006). Retail drop-off business model had to have physical market presence which was gradually getting transformed with eBays initiatives. It had also developed rating for various sellers such that buyers could easily recognize and purchase their products from reliable sources. 6. Business models encompassing physical stores were gradually getting transformed into online existence with the development of Snappy Auctions and their competitors. Snappy auctions were furthering the scope of small retailers who were not accustomed to selling their products online. Snappy Auction developed a model whereby sellers provided goods to Snappy Auction, who labeled, photographed and put the products for auctioning along with a substantial amount of commission and eBay fees(Turban, 2009). Thus, physical stores had limited presence and smaller retailers who worked with Snappy Auction were able to offer their products to a wider market place, generating a higher volume of sales. 7. Gordon by establishing and enhancing Snappy Auction business model changed the industry landscape and provided ventures position for sustainable growth. While Snappy Auctions business model of providing online platform to several retail businesses was performing well, the option with franchise model had not been established(Lin, 2008). Snappy Auction needed to provide opportunities to retailers for their continued existence against larger potential market players, who possessed capabilities to dump immense amounts of goods that can significantly drive prices down. There were immense untapped opportunities existing in various product segment of the market that existed across geographical boundaries. Such opportunities once explored could provide buyers access to various resources and products online. The way forward for online auctioning was to establish business-service partnership, estate auctioning and business liquidation. There needs to be exploration for opportunities in orde r that they can differentiate themselves in the marketplace(Hennig-Thurau, 2010). 8. Gordons business viability ha a limited existence as it extends usage of sellers who possessed limited capabilities as well as opportunities. Gordons business model is an extension to the existing business model of eBay, to facilitate its use(Kashkooli, n.d.). The drop-off store model adopted by Snappy Auction has a short-term existence as it is not a business idea in itself. Seeking external sources of funding will only extend the current business scope but not incorporate in newer ideas into the venture. Thus, new sources of funding will not enhance business sustainability. 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